Sounds like you are a do-it-yourself guy but no need to reinvent the wheel.
Go buy a large vault on sale at Liberty, Dick’s or Tractor Supply.
Take a grinding wheel and cut the front sides, top and bottom edge, basically leaving yourself the complete front of the vault (1-piece, fully functioning threshold, jamb, hinges and door).
When opened, the door will lift off the hinges.
Take your door frame and weld maybe 5 hardened threaded rods on each side and maybe 3 across the top and bottom (Alternately you could just drill holes and use long hardened carriage bolts) these rods will go through your concrete opening and fasten your doorframe. Make sure the placement of your threaded rods won’t interfere with the vault door’s sliding lock rods.
Using some long 3” wide strips of 3/8 thick steel, weld up a “picture frame” that’s a mirror image of the vault door’s frame (this will be for the inside of your vault-room’s door) for the threaded rods to go through acting as a 1-piece washer and thereby sandwiching your new vault door around your concrete door opening. The nuts will be exposed on the inside of your vault.
Tighten bolts, hang the vault door back on its hinge-pins and you’re done.
Take a grinding wheel and cut the front sides, top and bottom edge, basically leaving yourself the complete front of the vault (1-piece, fully functioning threshold, jamb, hinges and door).
Or cut the back out and make it look like just another safe up against the wall.